If you have received from ANAF, Romania's national tax administration, a notice of a review of your personal tax position, among the documents attached there is almost always also a request to file the statement of assets and income. It is not an administrative formality: from the moment it is filed, the statement becomes one of the central pieces of the case file, checked against the data the tax authority already holds from banks, notaries, vehicle registries, or the international exchange of information.
The statement of assets and income is governed by Article 138(7) of the Tax Procedure Code (Legea nr. 207/2015) and exists only in the context of the review of personal tax position (verificarea situației fiscale personale, VSFP), the procedure by which the central tax authority examines the entire tax position of an individual as regards income tax.
This needs to be stressed from the outset: it is not a periodic return and it is not filed on your own initiative. Do not confuse it either with the declarația de avere, the asset declaration filed by dignitaries and public officials, or with the Declarația unică (Form 212), Romania's single annual return for income tax and social contributions owed by individuals. The obligation arises only when the tax authority expressly requests it from the individual under review, usually after the risk analysis has identified a significant difference between declared income and estimated income: more than 10% of declared income, but not less than 50,000 lei (Article 138(2)).
In practice, the request comes at one of two points: either together with the review notice (the most frequent case, the request being attached to the notice), or during the review, if the tax authority decides later that it needs this statement.
The 2026 context makes the subject all the more current: under Ordinul președintelui ANAF nr. 768/2026, in force from 6 July 2026, the power to carry out the review of personal tax position was extended to the General Anti-Fraud Directorate, which can now directly assess the 70% tax on income from unidentified sources. The number of individuals who will receive such requests is, predictably, rising.
For buildings and cars above certain value thresholds, there is, separately, its own tax and its own return.
The items that must be declared are set out in Ordinul președintelui ANAF nr. 3704/2015, which also approves the template of the statement. One essential principle: items are declared regardless of where they are located or arise, in Romania or abroad.
Land, buildings, and other immovable property, regardless of the state in which they are located.
Registered means of transport; precious metals, jewellery, works of art, collections and antiques with a combined acquisition value above 15,000 lei; pedigree or competition animals above the same threshold.
Bank accounts and deposits, investment funds and equivalent forms of saving; placements, direct investments, and loans made to other persons.
Other assets, securities, or holdings with an individual value above 10,000 lei; insurance policies, other than motor third-party liability insurance.
Personal expenses and those for dependants, as well as debts.
Income subject to withholding tax, non-taxable income (gifts, inheritances, compensation), and exempt income, by category and source, in Romania and abroad.
The logic of the form is transparent: the tax authority uses it to reconstruct the starting point and the end point of your assets over the period under review, plus the flows that should explain the difference. Any item omitted, undervalued, or not backed by documents becomes a crack in your own defence.
The statement is filed within the general time limit of at most 60 days from the communication of the review notice, the same time limit, set on pain of forfeiture, within which you can submit supporting documents and relevant clarifications.
The 60-day time limit can be extended by 30 days, once only, at the justified request of the individual, with the tax authority's agreement.
If the request is made during the review, the statement is filed within 15 days of the communication of the request.
The 60 days look generous. In reality, they are short for what has to be built within them: taking stock of assets in Romania and abroad, obtaining bank statements for the period under review (which can cover the whole 5-year limitation period), documentary reconstruction of loans, gifts and transfers within the family, and matching the statement to the supporting documents. The forfeiture sanction means that documents not submitted in time may no longer be taken into account at this stage, so managing the calendar becomes an essential part of the defence. The review itself has a regulated duration, it cannot exceed 270 days from the date it started, during which the statement filed remains the reference against which every finding is measured.
If you do not file the statement, the direct consequence is an administrative one: failure to file at the tax authority's request is an administrative offence under Article 336(1)(s) of the Tax Procedure Code and carries a fine of 10,000 to 50,000 lei. The indirect consequence, however, is decisive: the review does not stop. The tax authority will establish your position solely on the basis of information it holds or obtains from third parties, banks, notaries, ANCPI (the national land registry and cadastre agency), vehicle registries, foreign tax authorities, and will apply the indirect methods for establishing income set out in OPANAF nr. 675/2018: the source and application of funds method, the cash flow method, the net worth method. In practice, you voluntarily give up the one tool through which you could have explained where the funds came from.
An inaccurate statement is, in many cases, more dangerous than not filing at all, because it produces effects on three levels:
The form itself, and the text of Article 138, expressly warn that making a false statement is a criminal offence under Article 326 of the Criminal Code. Concealing an account abroad or a property can become the subject of a separate criminal case.
Inspectors compare the statement with third-party data. A single significant omission that is discovered undermines the credibility of the entire statement and of every explanation that follows.
Where the documents do not cover the flows found, the tax authority assesses income with an unidentified source, taxed, from 1 July 2024, at 70% of the adjusted taxable base (Legea nr. 296/2023), plus interest and penalties.
NOTE. The main risk is not the fine of up to 50,000 lei for failing to file, but the effect of the statement on the entire case file. A statement that is incomplete, or contradicts the data held by ANAF, opens the way to estimating income by indirect methods and to the 70% tax on amounts that remain unjustified, and a false statement can trigger criminal liability for making a false statement. With an unjustified difference of 300,000 lei, the discussion is no longer about a fine, it is about tax liabilities that can exceed 210,000 lei plus late-payment charges (accesorii: interest and penalties). The statement is built once, correctly, with the supporting documents prepared in parallel; it is not “fixed” afterwards.
Practical experience shows that the difference between a case that closes reasonably and one that escalates is made in the first weeks after the notice is received.
Reconstruct the period under review with documents: statements for all accounts (including closed ones and those abroad), title deeds, contracts, evidence of gifts and inheritances. The statement has to be the mirror of the documents, not the other way round.
ANAF does not only look at what you hold at the start and end of the period, but at how you got from one to the other. For every significant inflow of funds there has to be a documented answer to the question “where from?”.
The statement will be read together with your earlier tax returns, with your response to any compliance notice (notificare de conformare), and with the explanations given during the review. Any contradiction becomes an argument against you.
The 30-day extension should be requested with justification and in good time. If certain documents are slow to arrive, foreign banks, notarial archives, the strategy for filing them has to be planned around the forfeiture sanction.
The indirect methods are technical tools, with vulnerabilities that can be identified and challenged, far more effectively before the tax assessment decision is issued than after. A professionally built statement structurally changes the position from which every finding is analysed.
No. The statement of assets and income is filed only at the tax authority's request, as part of the review of personal tax position. There is no periodic obligation for ordinary individuals to declare their assets. If, however, you have inflows of funds that are hard to document, it is prudent to prepare your supporting file before any request arrives.
Yes, in full. Items of assets and income are declared regardless of where they are located or arise, in Romania or abroad. ANAF receives data on foreign accounts through the automatic exchange of information (CRS), so omitting a foreign account is, as a rule, detectable.
You risk an administrative fine of between 10,000 and 50,000 lei (Article 336(1)(s) of the Tax Procedure Code), and the review continues on the basis of the data held by the tax authority, with income estimated by indirect methods. Not filing does not stop the procedure, it only removes you from the conversation.
This is a delicate situation that has to be handled with specialist assistance: the Tax Procedure Code does not expressly provide for a corrective return (declarație rectificativă) for this statement, so how and when you correct it matters for the credibility of the case file and for avoiding criminal risk. A spontaneous, documented amendment is, as a rule, preferable to having the omission discovered by the inspectors.
Informative material, updated on 17 July 2026. It reflects the state of the legislation at the time of writing; it does not constitute legal or tax advice, each situation must be assessed individually, on the basis of the actual documents.
If you have an inspection under way or have just received a notification, the related analyses are grouped under tax inspection and the review of individuals. For how such matters are handled, see tax assistance.
Time limits run from the date of communication. A first conversation clarifies what is being alleged, what you need to substantiate and how the defence is built, before an estimate becomes a tax assessment decision.